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КАТЕГОРИИ:

Questions for self-control. Seminar 3: Stylistic Syntax of the

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  1. What is a neutral syntectical model?
  2. How are all expressive means devided according to the type of the transformation of a neutral syntectical model?
  3. What is an ellipsis?
  4. What is the aim of aposiopesis?
  5. What is an asyndeton?
  6. What is a nominative sentence?
  7. Speak about syntectical stylistic devices?
  8. Aims of repetition. Stylistic functions of repetition. Kinds of repetition.
  9. Repetition vs. enumeration.
  10. Emphetic constructions.
  11. Enumerate the patterns in which stylistic inversion is used the most frequently in both prose and poetry.
  12. In which cased separation is used? What’s its aim?
  13. What is a reversed parallelism?

Seminar 3: Stylistic Syntax of the English Language. Syntactical Stylistic Devices.

  1. Expressive means and stylistic devices
  2. Neutral Syntactical Model. Its transformations
  3. Groups of transformations

a) Expressive means based on the reduction

· Ellipsis

· Aposiopesis

· Nominative sentences

· Asyndeton

b) Expressive means based on the complication of the sentence model

· Repetition

· Enumeration

· Syntactical tautology

· Polysyndeton

· Emphatic construction

· Parenthetic sentences

c) Expressive means based on the violation of traditional word-order

· Inversion. The notion of inversion. Types of inversion

· Separation

· Detachment

  1. Groups of syntactical stylistic devices

a) Stylistic devices based on the formal and semantic combinations of syntactical constructions of the model

· Parallelism

· Chiasmus

· Anaphora

· Epiphora

b) Stylistic devices based on the transformation of the meaning of the structure in the context

· Rhetoric sentence

c) Stylistic devices based on the transformation of the meaning of connection between the sentences

· Parcelation

· Subordination instead of coordination

· Coordination instead of subordination

 

Practical Tasks

Exercise 1 Pick out tautology in the following sentences:

1. Pain, even slight pain, tends to isolate. Pain, such as he had to suffer, cuts the last linkswith society. (S. Chaplin). 2. The widow Douglas, she took me for her son. (M. Twain). 3. "What's the matter?" - "Nothing... every­thing... it's good news... news... well, Jean's much better. 4. And - now my Arvie's gbne. Whatever will I and my children do? Whatever will I do? What­ever will I do?.. (H. Lawson). 5.1 can say no more, but blessings, blessings on all in the dear house I leave, prays. (W. Thackeray).

 

Exercise 2

Supply the missing words to indicate cases of rep­etition. Define the repetition types:

1. Avoid evil and it will _ _ you. 2. Live not to __ but eat to live. 3. A... for everything and everything in its place. 4. The alarm swept from lip to __, from group to _., from street to __. (M. Twain). 5. Nothing will come of _. 6. What is lost is _. 1. The worst has come to ___. 8. God defend me from my friends; from my enemies I can _ myself. 9. He's not fit to __ others that cannot command himself. 10. He that hatches matches .._ catches. 11. If the mountain will not come to Mahammed, ... must go to _. 12. __. to you is like talking to the wall. 13. It was a ghost of a train, a Flying Dutchman of __ ., a nightmare of__. (R. Davis). 14. Nothing comes from __..15. "That's a fine open mind you've got there!" "Open mind, my eye! We didn't come with .... (M. Wilson). 16. Habit cures __.. 17. It's queer that you should be so differ­ent from Violet. __. is as hard as nails. (B. Shaw). 18. A crooked stick throws a __ shadow.

 

Exercise 3

Determine stylistic and communicative functions of detachment; define the types of repetition in the following sentences:

1. You know what I mean. You look like a million dollars, I mean. (A. Sax-ton). 2.1 have seen old Flint in the comer there, behind you; as plain as print, I've seen him. (R. Stevenson). 3. "Serious from my heart - from my soul!" returned Mr. Winkle, with great energy. (Ch. Dickens). 4. "In a barrack, by Jove - I wish anybody in a barrack would say what you do," cried out this uproused British lion. (W Thackeray). 5. Now, although we were little and I certainly couldn't be dreaming of taking Fonny from her or anything like that, and although she didn't really love Fonny, only thought that she was supposed to because she had spasmed him into this world, already, Fonny's mother didn't like me. (J. Baldwin).

Exercise 4.

Pick out syntactic stylistic devices, classify them and define their stylistic functions.

1. Calm and quiet below me in the sun and shade lay the old house. 2. Gentleness in passion! What could have been more seductive to the scared, starved heart of that girl? 3. There was no breeze came through the door. 4. And if his feelings about the war got known, he'd be nicely in the soup. Arrested, perhaps - got rid of, somehow. 5. She narrowed her eyes a trifle at me and said I looked exactly like Linda's boy. Around the mouth. 6. David had been nearly killed, ingloriously, in a jeep accident. 7. "Shuttleworth, I -1 want to speak to you in - in strictest confidence - to ask your advice. Yet -yet it is upon such a serious matter that I hesitate - fearing...". 8. It was better that he knew nothing. Better for common sense, better for him, better for me. 9. He ran away from the battle. He was an ordinary human being that didn't want to kill or be killed, so he ran away from the battle. 10. Failure meant poverty, poverty meant squalor, squalor led to smells and stagnation. 11. Daniel is an unnatural, ungrateful, unlovable boy. 12. Their anxiety is so keen, their vigilance is so great, their excited joy grows so intense, that how can she resist it! 13. The sky was dark and gloomy, the air damp and raw, the streets wet and sloppy, 14.1 know the world and the world knows me. 15. And they wore their best and more colourful clothes. Red shirts and green shirts and yellow shirts and pink shirts. 16. Through his brain, slowly, sifted the things they had done together. Walking together. Dancing together. Sitting silent together, watching people together. 17. Sit down, you dancing, prancing, shambling, scrambling fool parrot! Sit down! 18. Badgworthy was in seventh heaven. A murder! At Chimneys! Inspector Badgworthy in charge of the case. Sensational arrest. Promotion for the inspector. 19. He, and the falling light and the dying fire, the time-worn room, the solitude, the wasted life, and gloom, were all in fellowship. 20. People sang. People cried. People fought. People loved. People hated. Others were sad. Others gay. Others with friends. Others lonely. Some died. Some were born. 21. Richard said that he would work his fingers to the bone for Ada, and Ada said that she would work her fingers to the bone for Richard. 22. I wake up and I'm alone, and I walk round the town and I'm alone, and I talk with people and I'm alone and I look at his face when I'm home and I'm dead. 23. "Where mama?" - "She home". 24. And Fleur - charming in her jade-green wrapper - tucked a comer of her lip behind a tooth, and went back to her room. 25. A dark gentleman... A very bad manner. In the last degree constrained, reserved, diffident, troubled. 26. Why do we need refreshment, my friends? Because we are but mortal, because we are but sinful, because we are but of the earth, because we are not of the air? Can we fly, my friends? We can not. 27. How have I implored and begged that man to inquire into Captain's family connections; how have I urged and entreated him to take some decisive step. 28. She says - you know her way - she says, "You're the chickenest-hearted, feeblest, faintest man I ever see". 29. The one was all the other failed to be. Protective, not demand­ing; dependable, not weak; low-voiced, never strident. 30. Passage after pas­sage did he explore; room after room did he peep into. 31. June stood in front, fending off this idle curiosity - a little bit of a thing, as somebody said, "all hair and spirit". 32. Down dropped the breeze, the sails dropped down. 33. Little by little, bit by bit, and day by day, and year by year the baron got the worst of some disputed question. 34. Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven. 35. There's many a man in this Borough would be glad to have the blood that runs in my veins. 36. You just come home or I'll... 37. Have I not had to wrestle with my lot? Have I not suffered things to be forgiven? 38. The heaviest rain, and snow, and hail, and sleet, could boast of the advantage over him in only one respect. 39.1 am above the rest of mankind, in such a case as that. I can act with philosophy in such a case as that. 40. And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe. And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot.

 

Literature recommended

  1. Кухаренко В.А. Практикум з стилістики англійської мови: Підручник. – Вінниця. «Нова книга», 2000 – (electronic version)
  2. Дубенко О.Ю. Порівняльна стилістика англійської та української мов. – Вінниця, 2005.
  3. Galperin I.R. Stylistics. – M, 1971.
  4. Гальперин А.И. Очерки по стилистике английского языка. – М., 1958. –(electronic version)

 

LECTURES 7-8

Theme: Stylistic semasiology of the English. Phonetic Means of Stylistics

PLAN

1.Semasiology as a branch of linguistics

2. Figures of substitutions

2.1. Figures of quantity

2.2. Figures of qualification

3. Figures of combination

4. Phonetic stylistic devices

 

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